Stable world trade
Holland is centre of EU mango trade
The production of mangos is still growing but not much. In total, around 40 million tonnes of mangos are produced worldwide.
Holland plays an important role in the trade. Globally, Holland is the second largest importer of mangos. But almost 80% is re-exported. Holland comes fourth in the list of mango exporters.
Mexico, Brazil and Peru are the most important exporters. The United Stated is the main exporter by far. After Holland, China, Saudi-Arabia and the United Arab Emirates are the main importers of mangos. The Gulf States as a group are a grouping market with an import of 245,000 tonnes.
There is hardly any import tax on the import of mangos around the world. The charge in all important importing countries is 0%.
Mangos, mangosteens and guaves are almost always grouped together in various statistics. However, it usually almost exclusively concerns mangos. Where it is possible, distinction has been made.
Production growth almost at a stop
The growth of the production of mangos has reduced considerably. The harvest in all import production countries has remained stable in recent years. India is the worlds most important producer by far, with a harvest of 15 million tonnes per year. China is second at a distance with 4.4 million tonnes. The next three on the list are also Asian countries, Thailand, Indonesia and Pakistan. In this countries it often also concerns the related products mangosteens and guaves. World's most important exporter Mexico can be found in sixth place on the list of production countries with a harvest of 1.8 million tonnes, of which around 20% is exported as a fresh product.
Countries in which the production is still growing are: Egypt, Kenya, Vietnam and Cuba.
The United States and the Gulf states are still growing markets
Important growing markets for the sales are the United States and the Gulf States, as well as Canada, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Norway. Sweden and Russia are also bringing more mangos, but these are reasonably small amounts.
Most mangos are eaten per capita in the Gulf States by far, 5.5 kilos. Holland is far behind this with 2.3 kilos per head, but this is still far more than the numbers three, four and five on the list, Canada (1.7 kg), Portugal (1.4) and the US (1.3). The consumption per head is even lower in the larger EU countries: the UK (0.8), Germany (0.5) and France (0.4).
Mexico is the largest and the export continues to grow
Mexico is the most important grower among exports with its trade to the US. Last year the Mexican export increased by 14% to 338,000 tonnes. This was 313,000 tonnes of mangos, 18,000 tonnes of mangosteens and 7,000 tonnes of guavas. The total export was worth over 300 million dollars. The bulk of the export goes to the US and most of the rest goes to Canada. Japan and the Netherlands also buy reasonable amounts.
Brazil comes second; Holland worth half
Holland is the main buyer of Brazilian mangos. Last year Brazil exported 122,000 tonnes, of which 60,000 was shipped to Holland. The United States are the second buyer with 24,000 tonnes. The Iberian penisula, Spain and Portugal are number three and four. The export price of Brazilian mangos was at a higher level in 2013 than in 2012. The average price was at a level of 1,200 dollars per tonne.
Recovery of Peru export
The export of the third largest mango exporter Peru recovered partially from the set back in 2012. After a record amount of 124,000 tonnes was able to be exported in 2011, the export fell to 100,000 tonnes in 2012. In 2013 117,000 tonnes was exported abroad. Holland is Peru's main buyer with 43,500 tonnes in 2013, but the US is not far behind at 40,000 tonnes. There are also significant amounts heading to the United Kingdom. The export price of Peruvian mangos was a little lower in 2013 than in 2012, with 1,050 dollars per tonne. The export price in 2012 was 1,200 dollars per tonne.
Ecuador, just north of Peru, is the fourth (South) American exporting country. This country is still extending the export of mangos. Last year Ecuador exported 61,000 tonnes. The US is the main buyer by far, followed at a distance by neighbouring country Colombia.
The international trade of mangos in Asia is focused on the region itself and the Gulf States. India and Pakistan still export a reasonable amount to Commonwealth partner the United Kingdom. Limited amounts go to other EU countries
Seasons in large export countries are not parallel
The season of the big three export countries differ. This means that the peak of the Mexican export is in the summer period for the northern hemisphere and that of Brazil is in the months September-November. The export peak for Peru is in the summer period of the southern hemisphere (December-February).
Dutch import in 2013: 150,000 tonnes with a value of 200 million Euro
Holland is an important centre in the EU mango trade. Last year an amount of almost 150,000 tonnes was imported, but of this, 110,000 tonnes was re-exported. The import in 2013 was no record. In 2011 156,000 tonnes was imported. Due to Holland's importance as a transit country is it obvious that the re-export was also the largest in 2011. It was an amount of 111,000 tonnes.
Almost three quarters of the Dutch import comes from Brazil and Peru. Brazil is the most important with an amount of slightly less than 60,000 tonnes last year. In 2008 65,000 tonnes was imported from Brazil.
The 46,000 tonnes import from Peru last year were also no record. The 52,000 tonnes in 2011 were. At a large distance from both suppliers follow Ivory Coast and Puerto Rica, and behind them the Dominican Republic, Senegal and Mali. Most mangos come into our country in the period from November to March.
The import in the Netherlands shows a different pattern to that in the United Kingdom. Most mangos are imported into this country in the summer months with the import of Pakistani and Indian mangos.
Last year was the first whole year that Peru was the main supplier for the United Kingdom. The import from Brazil, however, dropped. The re-export from Holland to the UK last year was 6,200 tonnes.
German import almost exclusively through Holland, 40% for France
Most mangos traded through Holland go to Germany. Last year it was an amount of 55,000 tonnes. That was a record. What is striking is that almost the entire import of mangos for Germany goes through Holland. German import statistics show that it is (naturally) mainly Brazilian and Peruvian product.
40% of the French import in 2013 went through Holland. In total, France imported 35,000 tonnes of mangos last year, of which 15,000 tonnes went through Holland. Most of this is mangos from Peru, and to a lesser extend from Brazil. Spain is also an important supplier for France.
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