Water scarcity poses challenges for agriculture in Chile, affecting fruit crop production, including watermelons, which require substantial water. Researchers at the Center for Advanced Studies in Fruit Growing (CEAF) in the O'Higgins Region are developing strategies to improve drought tolerance in watermelons.
A promising approach involves using rootstocks from Lagenaria siceraria, a species related to watermelon, known for its water stress tolerance. Studies have identified Chilean ecotypes with the ability to retain water and reduce transpiration, potentially enhancing drought tolerance in grafted watermelons.
Dr. Guillermo Toro, CEAF researcher and project leader, notes that the selected ecotypes originate from various Chilean regions and show efficient water use. Their application in watermelon cultivation could help sustain crop quality and productivity in water-limited areas, as per a press release.
Beyond rootstock selection, the research explores mechanisms enabling these plants to endure drought. Collaborations with Denmark and Spain reveal that Lagenaria siceraria genotypes develop root barriers, minimizing water loss and optimizing absorption. These ecotypes adjust metabolism in response to water scarcity.
Integrating drought-resistant rootstocks could change watermelon cultivation in Chile. With irrigation restrictions, producers seek sustainable solutions to maintain profitability. This genetic improvement reduces reliance on inputs like fertilizers and water, promoting sustainability.
CEAF's team continues to evaluate rootstock performance to provide commercial production recommendations. The next phase involves field trials in the O'Higgins Region and other key areas, validating laboratory findings.
This research, supported by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) and the Regional Government of O'Higgins, with international university collaborations, may benefit other fruit crops facing water scarcity. It integrates genetic and agronomic strategies, aiding Chilean fruit production in adapting to climate change.
Source: SeedWorld