Peru has embarked on a journey to cultivate and export cherries, overcoming initial challenges related to importing genetic material and finding suitable cherry varieties from the United States and Italy. The country's agro-exporting sector views this development optimistically, given the increasing demand in certain markets, particularly in Asia where cherries are highly sought after.
The global demand for cherries, with China being the largest market, presents a significant opportunity for Peru. Gabriel Amaro, president of the Association of Agricultural Producers of Peru (AGAP), highlighted China's substantial cherry imports, primarily from Chile. The potential for Peru to become a competitor in this market is underscored by the comparison with blueberries, Peru's leading agricultural export, which reached US$1.880 billion in the 2023-2024 campaign.
Efforts to introduce cherry cultivation in Peru have faced obstacles, including restrictions on importing genetic material. However, progress is being made, with tests on varieties from the United States and Italy set to commence. AGAP has sought authorization from the National Agrarian Health Service (Senasa) to import genetic material from various countries to develop new cherry varieties, with some access already granted to Chilean varieties.
Senasa, represented by Orlando Dolores, is actively supporting agricultural exporters in importing new cherry varieties for research, aiming to identify those suitable for commercial production. The agency anticipates authorizing the import of new cherry varieties from the United States in the short term, with commercial production expected to begin within a couple of years.
Identifying ideal areas for cherry cultivation involves assessing climatic conditions suitable for the cherry tree, which requires a specific range of cold hours. The National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA) and agro-exporting companies are collaborating to find the best locations for cultivation, with China as the primary target market due to its high demand.
Adaptation trials in mountain areas have shown promise, with companies like Camposol and AgrÃcola Andrea participating. Senasa's role in evaluating the plant health of these agricultural products is crucial for allowing their cultivation. New varieties, including those of Italian origin, are undergoing quarantine, with expectations for their release by the end of the year.
Collaborations with International Fruit Genetics (IFG) are underway to trial new cherry varieties that require fewer cold hours and ripen earlier. These efforts aim to position Peru as a leading producer and exporter of cherries in the coming years, with varieties suitable for both coastal and mountainous regions.
Genetic improvements have enabled the development of cherry varieties that can thrive in warmer winters, expanding the potential for cultivation across different Peruvian landscapes. This advancement is seen as a key factor in adapting cherry cultivation to local conditions and meeting the growing demand for this coveted fruit.
Source: Blueberriesconsulting