Most of the world's hazelnuts are sourced from a coastal mountain range in Turkey, a country that dominates the global supply with over 72% of production. Specifically, the Eastern Black Sea region, with Giresun at its heart, contributes approximately 60% to this figure. This area's connection to hazelnut cultivation stretches back millennia, receiving mention from ancient historians like Herodotus and serving European markets since the 1400s.
In Giresun, the tradition of hazelnut farming has been predominantly female-led. Women have not only been integral to its cultivation but are increasingly central to the business side, producing and selling hazelnut-based products. This shift is exemplified by enterprises such as Home of the Hazelnut, which aims to empower local women in the industry. According to Sayari Sungur, a co-founder, women process 80% of hazelnut products in the region, emphasizing the role of women as both cultivators and decision-makers.
However, the sector faces challenges from climate change, with increased humidity and pests threatening hazelnut crops. Dr. Sebahat K Ozman-Sullivan, a local plant protection scientist, highlights these emerging threats, noting the difficulty in managing new pests and diseases exacerbated by climate change. Despite these obstacles, the community's dedication to preserving their hazelnut heritage remains strong, with a focus on sustainable practices to ensure the longevity of their tradition.
Source: BBC