Over the last three decades, the American apple industry has faced challenges due to international imports, tariffs, and rising labor costs, particularly for H-2A workers. The United States East Coast is currently experiencing its fourth consecutive year of high-yield apple harvests, prompting growers to seek new markets for their produce. In West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle, a region with a long history of apple cultivation, local orchards are turning towards state-level solutions to address these challenges.
The first orchard in the Eastern Panhandle was established in 1851, marking the beginning of a booming apple industry in the area. However, the number of orchards has significantly dwindled over time. The Orr family orchards, established in 1954, are among the few remaining, navigating the fragile market under new leadership after a recent division of the company.
Julie Bolyard, of the Appalachian Orchard Company, highlights the impact of cheaper international juice concentrate imports and a general decline in apple consumption on local growers. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reports a significant portion of fresh fruit and apple juice concentrate in grocery stores comes from international sources, exacerbating the oversupply issue for domestic growers.
In response to these challenges, West Virginia has implemented a USDA relief program, securing funds to purchase local apples for distribution. However, this relief is temporary, with no plans for funding beyond the 2024 season, putting additional pressure on growers.
Labor costs, particularly for H-2A workers, are another concern for orchard owners. The wage increase for these workers has made it difficult for local orchards to compete for labor, especially when neighboring states offer higher wages. This situation is compounded by the requirement to pay local workers the same wage as H-2A workers, regardless of experience.
Despite these challenges, local orchards remain hopeful, leveraging programs like the USDA's Fruit Purchase Program as a safety net for selling their crops. The sense of unity among growers, sharing concerns and tips, marks a positive step towards addressing the industry's challenges.
Source: REAL