Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) presents ongoing challenges for Oregon's fruit industry, primarily impacting small and stone fruits such as cherries, blueberries, and raspberries. First detected in Oregon around 2009, SWD has become prevalent across many fruit-growing regions. Unlike typical fruit flies, SWD females lay eggs in ripe, healthy fruit, leading to larvae feeding inside and causing the fruit to soften and rot, which can result in economic losses for growers.
Oregon State University (OSU) has been at the forefront of developing management strategies to address SWD infestation. Over the past 15 years, OSU's Agricultural Experiment Station and Extension Service have conducted extensive research to devise management practices aimed at reducing crop losses and alleviating the economic strain on growers. This research is essential for maintaining the profitability and sustainability of Oregon's fruit industry.
OSU's approach includes optimizing monitoring systems, conducting field trials for chemical controls, and exploring biological control methods. The university is investigating cultural control strategies that adjust the crop environment to hinder SWD reproduction and survival. Research also focuses on enhancing chemical control strategies, including evaluating various pesticides and addressing potential insecticide resistance.
Vaughn Walton, a professor of entomology at OSU, emphasizes a holistic approach to pest management that integrates biological, chemical, and cultural controls. Walton's research aims to develop integrated pest management strategies that are effective, sustainable, and economically viable. His team explores the use of natural enemies, such as the parasitic wasp Ganaspis brasiliensis, to manage SWD populations, aiming to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides and promote environmentally friendly pest management.
Walton's team also investigates cultural control methods, such as modifying the crop environment to make it less favorable for SWD reproduction and survival. Practices like canopy management and sanitation are explored to reduce breeding sites. Additionally, OSU Extension provides resources and training for growers to implement effective SWD management practices, facilitating the adoption of sustainable pest control methods.
OSU's research, funded by the Oregon Legislature and the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture, supports Oregon's agricultural economy, promotes sustainable farming practices, and ensures the production of high-quality, safe fruits for the public.
Source: OSU