In Australia, the fight against a destructive banana disease has seen a significant development. The disease, known as Panama disease, caused by a virulent fungal pathogen, has posed a severe threat to global banana production, particularly affecting the Cavendish variety which dominates the market. This pathogen, capable of surviving in diverse soil conditions, attacks banana plants through their roots, facilitated by wounds from pests.
The breakthrough came from Professor James Dale's team, who have developed the first genetically modified (GM) banana approved for commercial growth. This development was in response to the devastation caused by Panama disease, which had previously wiped out the Gros Michel banana variety. Dale's team focused on introducing a fungus-resistant gene, RGA2, into the Cavendish bananas, resulting in the creation of the QCAV-4 banana. Despite challenges in conducting field trials due to regulatory restrictions against bringing the Panama fungus into Queensland, the QCAV-4 banana has successfully passed taste tests and regulatory approval for commercial release.
Moreover, Dale's research extends beyond disease resistance. He has developed biofortified bananas with enhanced pro-vitamin A content, aiming to address nutrient deficiencies in countries like Uganda. These bananas, distinguished by their golden color, could potentially save the lives of thousands of children suffering from vitamin A deficiency annually.
As the world's first GM banana enters the market, questions remain about public acceptance of GM fruit, despite its potential to combat global agricultural challenges.
Source: Head Topics