With global food demand set to increase by 50-60% in the coming decades, driven by population growth and changing consumption patterns, the agricultural sector is at the forefront of addressing this challenge. Urban population growth, increased purchasing power in emerging markets, and a shift towards more diversified diets are significant factors propelling this demand. Despite the economic and social importance of food, which accounts for around 8% of the total global merchandise trade, the sector faces challenges, notably food waste, which represents a third of food produced globally. This issue underscores the need for innovative and sustainable practices in food production and distribution.
In response to these trends, fruits such as grapes, blueberries, avocados, and mandarins have seen increased demand in international markets, driven by a global shift towards healthy, functional, and sustainable foods. Latin America, and particularly Peru, plays a crucial role in meeting this demand, thanks to its biodiversity and competitive advantages in the agro-export sector.
In 2024, Peru's agro-export performance reached new heights, with exports growing by 14.6% between January and September compared to the previous year. This growth was significantly contributed by the agriculture sector, with fruits like blueberries and avocados leading the charge. Peru's exports were directed to 170 markets, with significant shares going to China, the United States, and the European Union. The country's diverse regions, including Huánuco, Ucayali, and Puno, have shown remarkable growth in exports, highlighting the importance of regional economies in Peru's agricultural export success.
Peru's agro-industrial sector has demonstrated robust growth, particularly in the export of fresh fruits. Blueberries and avocados have become key drivers, with blueberry exports capturing 30% of the global market. This success is attributed to the exceptional quality of Peruvian blueberries, combined with genetic innovation and market diversification. The growth in avocado and mandarin exports further underscores Peru's potential to lead in the fruit export sector.
Looking forward, Peru has the opportunity to expand its export portfolio by developing strategic fruit crops that align with global trends towards healthy and sustainable foods. The country's future in the agro-export sector appears promising, with a focus on organic, high-quality products. However, challenges remain, including the need to strengthen value chains, encourage agricultural innovation, and promote strategic alliances. Overcoming these challenges will be essential for Peru to consolidate its position as a global agro-export power.
Source: Blueberry Consulting