Morocco has not yet adopted genome editing technologies like CRISPR, but initial research is taking place at the University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P). Professor Valentine Otang Ntui suggests that this technology could establish the country as a leader in genome editing within North Africa.
Africa faces food insecurity due to droughts, climate change, and conflicts. The United Nations projects that over half of the 582 million chronically undernourished people by 2030 will be in Africa. Various strategies are being implemented to enhance agricultural resilience, including CRISPR, a gene-editing technology. This technology enables precise DNA modifications in plants and animals, helping them adapt to environmental challenges like climate change.
Professor Ntui explains that CRISPR allows for faster genetic changes by modifying specific elements that contribute to disease susceptibility. Unlike traditional genetic engineering, CRISPR only edits the organism's existing DNA. This method has been applied to banana farming in East Africa, where CRISPR was used to combat Banana Xanthomonas Wilt by removing a gene that aids bacterial infection.
CRISPR has also improved plantains in West Africa by inactivating a viral disease dormant in the plant's DNA. The technology offers solutions to Africa's "hidden hunger" by enhancing the nutritional content of crops. CRISPR can also extend the shelf life of produce, reducing food wastage.
Public skepticism remains a challenge, as CRISPR is often mistakenly classified as a GMO. Ntui emphasizes the need for better communication to educate the public about CRISPR's benefits. He envisions CRISPR transforming African agriculture, provided there is support and investment in research and regulatory frameworks.
Source: Morocco World News